The session is a storage that can hold information about the actives of users who visited your site. Google Analytics session starts when a user visits your site or opens an app on the fore ground (you can change the option to track background opening as well)
Sessions are created when there is no session and persists for 30minutes after the last interaction.
How Dose It Work?
A session starts when session_start event is fired. When a session starts, session Id and session number are created and this information is tracked automatically to Google Analytics by the 'gtag.js'
▶ Session Id
Unique identificaion of each session
▶ Session Number
The number of sessions for a user.
Comparison to UA Session
The number of session in GA4 can be smaller than that of UA as UA creates a new session when a campaign source changes while GA4 does not.
How to Change Session Time
In the Google Analytics account, go to 'admin' -> 'data stream' under the attribute -> click the stream
Click 'configure tag settings'
Click 'show all'
Then select 'adjust session timeout'
Adjust the time and click 'save' (You can also adjust the engaged session time here).
References
https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/9191807#zippy=%2Cadjust-session-timeout
https://developers.google.com/analytics/blog/2022/hll
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